Approximately 95% of the human genome is referred to as “junk DNA” or“non-coding DNA” because it does not directly code for protein molecules as other DNA does. Some believe that non-coding DNA is just an evolutionary artifact and serves no purpose.
Others believe that the function is just not yet understood. Recent research has revealed that noncoding DNA may play an important role in regulating coding DNA, essentially serving as genetic switches that turn genes on or off. By comparing human non-coding DNA segments to other species, Yale researchers located DNA that may be the trigger for the evolution of advanced manual dexterity in humans.
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